Perpetrating Arson in California
Due to the environmental conditions in California causing frequent wildfires, which often result in serious damage or loss of life, it is pertinent to understand the state’s laws surrounding arson. While not all wildfires are the direct fault of anyone, deliberately starting a fire or doing so by negligence is an offence. California Penal Code 451 says that arson is defined as willfully and maliciously setting fire to a forest, building, or other structure/property and is a serious and punishable crime. There are additional sections of the penal code relating to arson, as the offence can be more broadly defined, with varying effects and intentions.
In an arson case, it is essential for the prosecutor to prove that the act was willful and that the defendant deliberately meant to commit arson with the intent to harm. This can be proven if the defendant was specifically aware of their actions and the ensuing consequence. It can be assumed that the average person understands the harm in starting a fire, so if they do so they are intending to cause harm. In the case that the prosecution cannot prove malintent, they may still be able to prove reckless arson, which holds a lower arson charge (under Penal Code 452)
Arson, depending on the context under which it was committed, may result a range of punitive measures. It can be tried either as a felony or a misdemeanor. For example, if property is damaged by arson, the defendant faces a sentence of three years in a state prison. If the property was inhabited, the sentence increases to eight years due to the risk of life. The punishment becomes even more severe there is an instance of bodily injury, increasing to a nine year sentence. If one is falsely accused of arson, a range of defenses can be used to prove their innocence, notably proving that the fire was unexpected and unintentional.
